American Sirens by Kevin Hazzard
Nov. 9th, 2025 03:20 amIn Pittsburg, in the 1960s, there was an establishment that was called "Freedom House" that helped black people find jobs. They were approached by a foundation that wanted them to take on a more ambitious project. That more ambitious project involved collaborating with a doctor who was pioneering emergency medicine to do street medicine.
At this point in time, ambulance services were run by the police, the fire department, or funeral homes. The goal was to get people to the hospital as quickly as possible. No one necessarily rode in the back with the patients to make sure they were okay.
Dr. Peter Safar had read a paper that the breath being exhaled still had quite a bit of oxygen in it, and he invented CPR. He wanted to teach CPR to just about anyone. The medical establishment did not like this because medicine was too special to teach just anyone.
He had bigger dreams of civilians learning even more medicine and riding in specialized ambulances equipped with medical equipment. He took on his first class of civilians in the late 1960s and trained them for nine months and let them serve the black community in a part of Pittsburg. At this point, that community started to receive better care than everyone else in Pittsburg.
Then, Pittsburg elects a populist mayor who is trying to cut government and feels a bit Trumpian. The Mayor Peter Flaherty wantsed to give the money to the police, even though the police had a lot less medical training.
A new doctor is brought in to run Freedom House, and she trains them even further. She goes on to write the curriculum that is used by paramedics around the country.
The story in this book revolves around three central characters. John Moon is one of the paramedics who works at Freedom House. Doctor Peter Safar is a pioneer in anesthesiology and emergency manager. He saw Narcan being used to reverse anesthesia, and he decided to try it on overdoses in the early 1970s. I didn't realize Narcan had been around that long. Doctor Nancy Caroline comes in to run Freedom House during Flaherty's tenure as mayor, writes the training material used for all paramedics, and then goes on to do some disaster medicine around the world.
This book was excellent.
There is also a Netflix documentary about this.

