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A Passover Seder is a ceremony built around a meal to commemorate the exodus from Egypt. It's traditionally the time of year for a big family gathering. Religious jews usually also have a community Seder on the second night of passover. I've only really been to seders with Rachel in a generally observant-reform-ashkenazi tradition so this won't be the same in all families.

In our family, there's typically an hour or two of ceremony, a large meal, some more ceremony, and fun singing (with animal noises). A bit longer at Rachel's birth family, a bit shorter at polycule Seder. The tone is a little bit serious but also gregarious and fun. Many families have smaller or token amount of service.

A big purpose of a seder is to show traditions to children and to guests, and guests invited and children running around is actively good, not an imposition. People will explain lots of things but but, everyone will muddle through following whatever they can manage, there's almost nothing where it matters to get it right, you just move on anyway.

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Whatever time you start, apologise for being late, but contrast the situation to other people's tradition which would have been even later.

Argue whether you should avoid eating things like rice which are absolutely definitely not leavened bread, but there is a tradition of avoiding them. Agree that everyone coming to the seder agree that you shouldn't avoid them, but decide to avoid them anyway just in case.

Don't eat anything until you're explicitly told to eat it. Don't finish any cup of wine until the last one.

Announce how Rabbi Hillel invented the sandwich.

"Seder" originally comes from Hebrew meaning "Judiciously skip ahead without telling anyone the page number because everyone has different books"

Try have everyone recite things in unison using different translations.

Explain the story of the first passover and the exodus from egypt, but repeating that every year would get a bit repetitive after several thousand years, so spend most of the time telling stories about other people telling the story.

Argue whether parting the red sea and letting the israelites get halfway across and then stopping and letting the water roll back over them could reasonably be construed as "sufficient" or not.

Tell everyone you don't usually exchange presents before exchanging presents.

Sing the jewish version of Partridge in a Pear Tree, starting "One is our God, in heaven and on earth."

Just when you've got used to switching between english and hebrew, to shake things up, there's suddenly an aramaic forerunner of House That Jack Built, that ends with God destroying

Sing the jewish version of the House that Jack Build about a little goat, that ends with God destroying the angel of death.

The year you first came was the first time people did the animal noises while singing, but because it's been every year you've been there, you're firmly convinced that's a tradition about eighteen hundred years old.

Comment that that's a recent addition to the passover liturgy (recent in this context meaning "a continuous tradition of barely more than 400 years").

Stay up too late discussing different interpretations.
jack: (Default)
The piece of Hebrew writing called the Haggadah is the traditional instructions for the passover meal. Basically "here is the story of the exodus and a number of other traditions". People normally do some subset of this.

You should find one of these. Preferably one with text in your native language, or at least a language you read, or at least an alphabet you read. It also helps if the most important things are printed biggest, because then it's much more natural to have a service with, rather than without, the important bits.

But the basic things you should include are:

The story of the exodus I

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It's generally considered polite to leave a brief respectful silence rather than attempt to capture with the best sound a drunken person can make out of common eating utensils the concept of the Holiest of Holies, Blessed be He, God, striking down the Angel of Death. Maybe thunder.
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It's presumably obvious, but I feel I should specify that I don't actually know what I'm talking about. I'm absorbed a large amount of information from pillow talk with Liv (we have the best pillow talk), and I hope it's fair if far from complete, but don't get into an argument where you say "well, Cartesiandaemon said Liv said Rabbi Hillel said the prophet Elijah said Moses said God said X, so it must be right!" I'll do my best to make sure what I say is somewhat true, but it will contain many examples where the emphasis is in the wrong place and it gives the wrong impression :)
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"All my Jewish friends suddenly seem to be gluten-intolerant for about a week and I don't understand why...?"

Dietary Restrictions

On the first day of passover you MUST eat UNLEAVENED bread (also a wide variety of really random things of theological significance). On all the days of passover you MUST NOT eat LEAVENED bread.

Indeed, you must be extra super careful and scrub your house to remove any trace of anything that might ever have been leavened bread ever. Literally. You can't make this stuff up. Well, ok, you can, because someone DID. But what I mean is, I can't make it up. Chametz is everything you're specifically not supposed to eat, leavened bread and leavening agents and anything similar. Mainly crumbs, but also scrub your oven and clean everything thoroughly and so on.

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To come: a checklist of actions you should always include in a passover service to make it traditional/legitimate, in the unlikely event that my blog is your definitive source of Jewish education.
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When is it?

Passover begins (within a day or so) on the day of the full moon in the week before Easter, and lasts for seven (or eight) days. Occasionally there's a glitch in the Gregorian/Hebrew calender syncromesh and passover is a on the day of the full moon BEFORE the full moon in the week before Easter, in which case you should urgently go to Eastercon, because it will be one of the few times you can go to Eastercon and your girlfriend can eat in the buffet that serves gluten, because passover has dietary restrictions (see next post) which can clash unfortunately if thrown with little warning into a mix with food service and vegetarianism.

Most Jewish holidays are at the start (?) or occasionally middle (?) of the month, which are always within a day or so of the full moon. What's with all the "within a day or so"? Well, originally there was a harvest festival at about this time of the year, so the year started when it was obviously spring, and the month started at the new moon. But there's a couple of extra days that appear or disappear in order to ensure that certain festivals DO NOT fall on the Sabbath or do not fall ADJACENT to the Sabbath, etc, etc, and do not ask why, because then someone will explain it to you, and then you will say "ah, but what if..." and then they will hand you a book bigger than your head and ask you to read it and then you'll learn about two-thousand years of calendar-fiddling and then your brain will explode.

What's with all the "off by one" days? You might have THOUGHT that a religion (apparently) devoted entirely to pedantry would have extremely precise lengths of major holidays. Well, some time in the last three millennia (you will see this qualification a lot) someone observed that if the beginning of the year and month was determined in Jerusalem, it may take a couple of days for the change to propagate to everywhere else, so people got into the habit of celebrating everything twice just in case they were a day off, to make ABSOLUTELY DOUBLE SURE they got the right day. And (you'll see this a lot too) this became a tradition. You might not have thought you'd need to do this for a festival in the MIDDLE of the month, but there you go. (If it takes the messenger several days to get there, you might still be off-by-one even if you count backwards from his arrival). Eventually someone invented an algorithm and made the calendar just follow that, and then invented magical "internets" which could convey date and time round the world at an appreciable fraction of the speed of light, but the tradition remains in most places. This tends to happen more for orthodox and conservative movements outside Israel (?)

But everyone outside Israel celebrates the meal on the first AND second day (?). Which is very nice because it lets you celebrate the first one with your family, and then if you're very nippy on your feet very quickly dash to Scandinavia with your boyfriend in order to lead the service on the second night there. Obviously not EVERYONE does that. It's probably just Rachel. But it's what I'M used to. And in the unlikely event that the earth is destroyed and these notes are the sole remaining Jewish instructions, well, then it will become a tradition, and everyone will say "I don't understand, why is the second night the 'stockholm' night?"

How long is it?

Passover is the whole seven (or eight) days. The meal (the seder) is on the first (and second) nights. (Everything has several names, I often get confused.)

How long will it usually last

We normally start at 6, have a service for an hour or so, have a leisurely meal, and then finish with more service between 10 and midnight. But everywhere will be different.
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Introduction

This year and last year I've gone with Rachel to her family's passover meal, and recently caused her very much hilarity by trying to summarise the order of service from the perspective of a layman, and I decided to try to write up a short summary for anyone curious to know.

The emphasis will be heavily on (i) humour (ii) theology (iii) her family's particular passover, as it various incredibly widely. The initial part will focus on "if I'm invited to a friend's passover service, what do I need to do", although hopefully it will move on into running the best service you can when EVERYONE is ignorant.

Family Gathering

The Passover meal is a the big family celebration, somewhat equivalent to Christmas (but no presents). All the family get together, you invite any strangers who may not have a passover to welcome, it's in the home rather than the synagogue, there's a big meal, children are encouraged to enjoy themselves.

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